{"id":316,"date":"2024-08-03T09:26:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T07:26:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/?p=316"},"modified":"2025-09-27T17:50:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T15:50:24","slug":"clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-basic-insulation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-basic-insulation\/","title":{"rendered":"Clauza 3 \u2013 Cum s\u0103 \u00een\u021belege\u021bi defini\u021bia \u201eizola\u021biei de baz\u0103\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"izola\u021bie de baz\u0103: \u0219i nbsp;izola\u021bie aplicat\u0103 pieselor sub tensiune pentru a oferi protec\u021bie de baz\u0103 \u00eempotriva \u0219ocului electric<br>\n<br>\n\u00cen general vorbind, un strat de izola\u021bie care este \u00een contact direct cu o pies\u0103 sub tensiune poate fi un material izolator obi\u0219nuit (cum ar fi materialele plastice, cum ar fi PVC \u0219i ABS), sau poate fi aer sau o distan\u021b\u0103 (distan\u021b\u0103 de curgere) format\u0103 pe suprafa\u021ba materialului izolator. Majoritatea \u021b\u0103rilor nu accept\u0103 structuri \u00een care utilizatorii pot atinge izola\u021bia de baz\u0103. Prin urmare, izola\u021bia de baz\u0103 se afl\u0103 \u00een general \u00een interiorul aparatului \u0219i nu poate fi atins\u0103 \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii normale.<br>\n<br>\nA\u0219a cum se arat\u0103 \u00een imaginea din st\u00e2nga de mai jos, este o fotografie a capacului de jos al unui ventilator, iar imaginea din dreapta este o fotografie f\u0103r\u0103 capacul de jos. Pielea de s\u00e2rm\u0103 albastr\u0103 \u0219i maro din interiorul cablului de alimentare din imaginea din dreapta poate fi considerat\u0103 izola\u021bie de baz\u0103. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, \u00eenveli\u0219urile de s\u00e2rm\u0103 alb\u0103, ro\u0219ie \u0219i neagr\u0103 de pe comutatorul conectat la carcasa neagr\u0103 pot fi, de asemenea, apreciate ca izola\u021bie de baz\u0103; piesele sub tensiune de aici sunt miezul de cupru din fir. \u00cen plus, distan\u021ba dintre conductorul metalic din comutator \u0219i suprafa\u021ba interioar\u0103 a carcasei albe poate fi apreciat\u0103 ca izola\u021bie de baz\u0103. Din perspectiva distan\u021bei de fuga, electricitatea din conductorul din interiorul comutatorului este condus\u0103 (urcat\u0103) de-a lungul suprafe\u021bei izolatoare a comutatorului c\u0103tre suprafa\u021ba interioar\u0103 a carcasei albe (col\u021bul mic din st\u00e2nga al imaginii din dreapta), iar aceast\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 poate s\u0103 fie considerat\u0103 distan\u021ba de curgere a izola\u021biei de baz\u0103. Din perspectiva jocului electric, electricitatea din conductorul din interiorul comutatorului este condus\u0103 direct prin aer \u00eentre suprafa\u021ba interioar\u0103 a capacului inferior al ventilatorului \u0219i carcasa comutatorului, iar aceast\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 dintre aer este considerat\u0103 ca spa\u021biul liber al izola\u021biei de baz\u0103. (Carcasa de plastic alb\u0103 este considerat\u0103 izola\u021bie suplimentar\u0103)<br>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation.jpg 640w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation-internal-view.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation-internal-view.jpg 640w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation-internal-view-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><\/div><\/div><br>\nA\u0219a cum se arat\u0103 \u00een figura de mai jos, conductoarele l\u0103cuite ale \u00eenf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rilor motorului sunt fixate de h\u00e2rtia alb\u0103 cu fant\u0103 introdus\u0103 \u00een statorul motorului. \u00cenf\u0103\u0219urarea este identificat\u0103 ca o parte sub tensiune expus\u0103 de standard. Conductoarele l\u0103cuite ale \u00eenf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rilor \u0219i statorul motorului formeaz\u0103 o bucl\u0103 conductiv\u0103 prin h\u00e2rtia cu fant\u0103 (\u00een general, dac\u0103 este un aparat de Clasa I, statorul conectat la carcasa motorului va fi, de asemenea, \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntat, deoarece carcasa motorului este \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntat. Dac\u0103 este un aparat de clasa II, carcasa motorului \u0219i statorul motorului sunt o component\u0103 metalic\u0103 intermediar\u0103 ne\u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntat\u0103). De\u0219i conductivitatea h\u00e2rtiei cu slot nu este suficient\u0103, un curent slab va fi \u00een continuare produs pe h\u00e2rtie cu slot. Cantitatea de curent generat\u0103 aici este direct legat\u0103 de performan\u021ba h\u00e2rtiei cu slot. Materialul h\u00e2rtiei cu fante aici poate fi determinat ca izola\u021bie de baz\u0103. Suprafa\u021ba h\u00e2rtiei cu fant\u0103 poate fi conectat\u0103 la laminatele metalice ale \u00eenf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rii, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t distan\u021ba pe suprafa\u021ba h\u00e2rtiei cu fant\u0103 poate fi determinat\u0103 ca distan\u021ba de curgere a izola\u021biei de baz\u0103; materialul h\u00e2rtiei cu slot \u00een sine joac\u0103 rolul de izola\u021bie solid\u0103 (de\u0219i nu exist\u0103 o cerin\u021b\u0103 de grosime pentru izola\u021bia solid\u0103, trebuie s\u0103 \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 \u00een continuare cerin\u021bele privind curentul de scurgere \u0219i rezisten\u021ba electric\u0103 din capitolele 13 \u0219i 16); \u00een consecin\u021b\u0103, jocul electric din figura de mai sus este cea mai scurt\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 dintre \u00eenf\u0103\u0219urare \u0219i laminarea statorului \u00een aer.<br>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-7.jpg 640w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-7-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-7.jpg 640w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-7-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><\/div><\/div><br>\nA\u0219a cum se arat\u0103 \u00een figura de mai jos, \u0219i nbsp; firul de \u00eenf\u0103\u0219urare a motorului nu este fixat corect \u0219i este foarte aproape de statorul motorului. Nu mai poate \u00eendeplini cerin\u021bele privind distan\u021ba de curgere \u0219i distan\u021ba liber\u0103 de la clauza 29. Acesta este un articol de neconformitate obi\u0219nuit.<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/internal-view-for-fan-motor-9.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><br>\n<\/figure><br>\nA\u0219a cum se arat\u0103 \u00een imaginea animat\u0103 de mai jos, linia ro\u0219ie a v\u00e2rfului de s\u0103geat\u0103 marcheaz\u0103 loca\u021bia izola\u021biei de baz\u0103, inclusiv distan\u021ba liber\u0103 \u0219i traseul distan\u021bei de fuga. \u00cenf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rile din reactorul utilizate \u00een aparatele de aer condi\u021bionat sunt p\u0103r\u021bi sub tensiune, iar \u00eenf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rile sunt separate de miezul statorului prin bobin\u0103, care formeaz\u0103 izola\u021bia de baz\u0103.<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><br>\n<\/figure><br>\nIzolarea de baz\u0103 a motorului ventilatorului<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation-of-fan-motor-1.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><br>\n<\/figure><figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/basic-insulation-of-fan-motor-2.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><br>\n<\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>izola\u021bie de baz\u0103: \u0219i nbsp;izola\u021bie aplicat\u0103 pieselor sub tensiune pentru a oferi protec\u021bie de baz\u0103 \u00eempotriva \u0219ocului electric \u00cen general vorbind, un strat de izola\u021bie care este \u00een contact direct cu o pies\u0103 sub tensiune poate fi un material izolator obi\u0219nuit (cum ar fi materialele plastice, cum ar fi PVC \u0219i ABS), sau poate fi&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[74,87,88,105],"class_list":["post-316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terms-and-definitions","tag-insulation-applied-to-live-parts-to-provide-basic-protection-against-electric-shock","tag-shortest-distance-in-air-between-two-conductive-parts-or-between-a-conductive-part-and-the-accessible-surface","tag-shortest-distance-along-the-surface-of-insulation-between-two-conductive-parts-or-between-a-conductive-part-and-the-accessible-surface","tag-conductor-or-conductive-part-intended-to-be-energized-in-normal-use-including-a-neutral-conductor-but-by-convention-not-a-pen-conductor"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.1","language":"ro","enabled_languages":["en","es","ar","de","ja","fr","ru","th","nl","it","fa","ko","pt","hi","ro","tr","vi","id","zu"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fa":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zu":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/316","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=316"}],"version-history":[{"count":81,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1945,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/316\/revisions\/1945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}