{"id":424,"date":"2024-08-10T10:55:22","date_gmt":"2024-08-10T08:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/?p=424"},"modified":"2025-09-27T17:50:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T15:50:24","slug":"clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-protective-impedance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-protective-impedance\/","title":{"rendered":"Clauza 3 \u2013 Cum s\u0103 \u00een\u021belege\u021bi defini\u021bia \u201eimpedan\u021bei de protec\u021bie\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"impedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie: impedan\u021ba conectat\u0103 \u00eentre p\u0103r\u021bile sub tensiune \u0219i p\u0103r\u021bile conductoare accesibile ale construc\u021biilor de clasa II, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t curentul, \u00een utilizare normal\u0103 \u0219i \u00een condi\u021bii probabile de defec\u021biune a aparatului, este limitat la o valoare sigur\u0103.<br>\n<br>\nCazul 1:<br>Primul caz este, de obicei, unele situa\u021bii care necesit\u0103 alimentare cu tensiune joas\u0103, cum ar fi produsele alimentate cu adaptor. Tensiunea de ie\u0219ire a adaptorului este DC12V, DC24V sau DC5V. Aceste p\u0103r\u021bi de joas\u0103 tensiune pot fi \u00een general atinse de utilizatori, deoarece partea de joas\u0103 tensiune DC este ob\u021binut\u0103 prin transformarea transformatorului \u0219i rectificarea curentului redresorului. Prin urmare, este necesar s\u0103 se asigure c\u0103 partea de \u00eenalt\u0103 tensiune \u0219i partea de tensiune sunt izolate efectiv. Pe placa noastr\u0103 comun\u0103 de alimentare cu comuta\u021bie, atunci c\u00e2nd se efectueaz\u0103 testul de conduc\u021bie EMC, interferen\u021ba generat\u0103 de primarul transformatorului trece prin capacitatea parazit\u0103 dintre primar \u0219i secundar, care va produce interferen\u021be conduse de 150k-30MHz \u0219i va ajunge la secundar. Aici folosim condensatori Y pentru a face semnalul de interferen\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 revin\u0103 la sursa de alimentare, form\u00e2nd o bucl\u0103 pentru a compensa interferen\u021ba, altfel va duce la e\u0219ecul testului de conduc\u021bie. Condensatorul Y formeaz\u0103 aici o impedan\u021b\u0103 de protec\u021bie. Cei doi condensatori Y selecta\u021bi \u00een caseta ro\u0219ie din figura de mai jos sunt impedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie.<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"363\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/protective-impedance-in-switch-power-supply.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/protective-impedance-in-switch-power-supply.jpg 760w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/protective-impedance-in-switch-power-supply-300x143.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><br>\nCele dou\u0103 impedan\u021be de protec\u021bie sunt conectate \u00eentre \u00eenf\u0103\u0219urarea primar\u0103 \u0219i cea secundar\u0103 a transformatorului T2; linia punctat\u0103 din figura de mai jos indic\u0103 separarea p\u0103r\u021bii de tensiune de lucru 220-240V \u0219i a p\u0103r\u021bii de tensiune de lucru joas\u0103 (SELV).<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"373\" height=\"245\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/circuit-diagram-for-switch-power-supply.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-426\" style=\"width:776px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/circuit-diagram-for-switch-power-supply.png 373w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/circuit-diagram-for-switch-power-supply-300x197.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><br>\nCazul 2: impedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie utilizat\u0103 pe generatorul de ioni negativi. Dup\u0103 cum se arat\u0103 \u00een figura din st\u00e2nga de mai jos, linia alb\u0103 este cap\u0103tul de ie\u0219ire de \u00eenalt\u0103 tensiune, iar celelalte dou\u0103 linii sunt liniile de intrare de putere.<br>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"290\" height=\"476\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/220V-Negative-Ion-Generator-for-Air-Purifier-Accessories-Parts.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/220V-Negative-Ion-Generator-for-Air-Purifier-Accessories-Parts.png 290w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/220V-Negative-Ion-Generator-for-Air-Purifier-Accessories-Parts-183x300.png 183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"916\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator.jpg 916w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-768x566.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 916px) 100vw, 916px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><\/div><\/div><br>\nFigura de mai jos este schema de circuit a generatorului de ioni negativi. Cele dou\u0103 rezisten\u021be selectate de dreptunghiul ro\u0219u sunt impedan\u021be de protec\u021bie tipice.<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><br>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-circuit-diagram-1024x403.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-circuit-diagram-1024x403.png 1024w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-circuit-diagram-300x118.png 300w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-circuit-diagram-768x302.png 768w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-circuit-diagram-1536x604.png 1536w, https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Negative-ion-generator-circuit-diagram.png 1954w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><br>\n<\/figure><br>\n\u00cen imaginea de mai jos, sunt impedan\u021be de protec\u021bie CY1 \u0219i CY2?<br>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/is-it-a-protective-impedance.png\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:716px;height:auto\"\/><br>\n<\/figure><br>\nDin defini\u021bia standardului, impedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie este utilizat\u0103 \u00een construc\u021bia clasa II, unde exist\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntare. Dac\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntarea aici este definit\u0103 ca \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntare de protec\u021bie, atunci \u00een mod evident, CY1 \u0219i CY2 nu pot fi definite ca impedan\u021b\u0103 de protec\u021bie, deoarece impedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie este utilizat\u0103 \u00een construc\u021bia de clasa II, iar aici este construc\u021bia de clasa I. Dac\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntarea \u0219i nbsp;aici sunt definite ca \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntare func\u021bional\u0103, atunci exist\u0103 dou\u0103 probleme. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, aceasta este o structur\u0103 de clas\u0103 I, apoi CY1 \u0219i CY2 nu pot fi definite ca impedan\u021b\u0103 de protec\u021bie. \u00cen al doilea r\u00e2nd, dac\u0103 este o structur\u0103 de clas\u0103 II, CY1 \u0219i CY2 pot fi definite ca impedan\u021b\u0103 de protec\u021bie \u0219i atunci trebuie \u00eendeplinite cerin\u021bele relevante de impedan\u021b\u0103 de protec\u021bie. P\u0103rerea mea personal\u0103 este c\u0103 CY1 \u0219i CY2 nu sunt impedan\u021be de protec\u021bie \u0219i le putem considera direct izola\u021bie de baz\u0103. La final, cu alte cuvinte, designul prezentat \u00een schema circuitului nu este acceptat de standard? \u0219i nbsp;<br>\n<br>\nDac\u0103 sunt impedan\u021be de protec\u021bie, atunci trebuie s\u0103 se conformeze clauzei 22.42 &#8211; \u201eImpedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie trebuie s\u0103 fie compus\u0103 din cel pu\u021bin dou\u0103 componente separate.\u201d.<br>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>impedan\u021ba de protec\u021bie: impedan\u021ba conectat\u0103 \u00eentre p\u0103r\u021bile sub tensiune \u0219i p\u0103r\u021bile conductoare accesibile ale construc\u021biilor de clasa II, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t curentul, \u00een utilizare normal\u0103 \u0219i \u00een condi\u021bii probabile de defec\u021biune a aparatului, este limitat la o valoare sigur\u0103. Cazul 1:Primul caz este, de obicei, unele situa\u021bii care necesit\u0103 alimentare cu tensiune joas\u0103, cum ar fi&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terms-and-definitions"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.1","language":"ro","enabled_languages":["en","es","ar","de","ja","fr","ru","th","nl","it","fa","ko","pt","hi","ro","tr","vi","id","zu"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fa":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zu":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=424"}],"version-history":[{"count":78,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2085,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424\/revisions\/2085"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}