{"id":597,"date":"2024-08-27T18:36:20","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T16:36:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/?p=597"},"modified":"2025-09-27T17:50:23","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T15:50:23","slug":"clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-clearance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-clearance\/","title":{"rendered":"Clauza 3 \u2013 Cum s\u0103 \u00een\u021belege\u021bi defini\u021bia \u201eclearance\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"degajare: cea mai scurt\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 \u00een aer \u00eentre dou\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bi conductoare sau \u00eentre o parte conduc\u0103toare \u0219i
suprafa\u021b\u0103 accesibil\u0103.
\n
\n clearance<\/strong><\/a>-ul este un concept foarte important. Pentru a \u00een\u021belege clearance-ul, trebuie s\u0103 spunem din nou c\u0103 nicio substan\u021b\u0103 nu este complet izolat\u0103, iar aerul poate, de asemenea, s\u0103 conduc\u0103 electricitatea. C\u00e2nd tensiunea este foarte mare, curentul va fi condus prin aer. Fulgerul \u00een timpul furtunilor este un exemplu tipic de conducere a fulgerului prin aer. Tensiunea fulgerului este foarte mare, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t poate str\u0103punge o sec\u021biune foarte lung\u0103 de aer, f\u0103c\u00e2nd aceast\u0103 sec\u021biune de aer conductiv\u0103. \u00cen aparatele electrice de uz casnic, de\u0219i tensiunea este foarte sc\u0103zut\u0103, exist\u0103 mult aer \u00een produs, iar curentul va fi, de asemenea, condus prin aer. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce tensiunea cre\u0219te, distan\u021ba pe care tensiunea poate trece prin aer va deveni \u0219i ea mai lung\u0103. Acest lucru d\u0103 na\u0219tere conceptului de clearance.
Pentru o explica\u021bie detaliat\u0103 a spa\u021biului liber, v\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 consulta\u021bi IEC 60664-1 (Coordonarea izola\u021biei pentru echipamentele din sistemele de joas\u0103 tensiune \u2013 Partea 1: Principii, cerin\u021be \u0219i teste).
\n
\nCred c\u0103 urm\u0103toarele imagini pot explica bine calea degaj\u0103rii electrice.
\n

\n\"\"
\n<\/figure>
\nSe poate forma un spa\u021biu liber \u00eentre doi electrozi de tensiuni diferite sau \u00eentre o pies\u0103 sub tensiune \u0219i m\u00e2na unui utilizator de produs electric. Trebuie doar s\u0103 v\u0103 imagina\u021bi cei doi electrozi din imaginea de mai sus ca alte obiecte.
C\u00e2nd am explicat izola\u021bia de baz\u0103 \u0219i izola\u021bia func\u021bional\u0103, am oferit c\u00e2teva fotografii reale pentru a explica exemplele de spa\u021biu liber \u0219i de scurgere.
\n
\nFigura 11 \u2013 Exemple de degaj\u0103ri \u00een standardul IEC 60335-1 ofer\u0103 un exemplu simplu. Pe baza acestei figuri, ne putem g\u00e2ndi la caracteristicile de baz\u0103 ale aparatului de clasa a II-a, construc\u021biei de clasa a II-a, aparatului de clasa I \u0219i construc\u021biei de clasa I.
\n

\n\"\"
\n<\/figure>
\nCheie
1 parte metalic\u0103 accesibil\u0103 dezgropat\u0103
2 incint\u0103
3 piese metalice cu \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntare accesibile
4 piese metalice dezgropate inaccesibile
P\u0103r\u021bile sub tensiune L1 \u0219i L2 sunt separate \u00eentre ele \u0219i par\u021bial \u00eenconjurate de o carcas\u0103 din plastic care con\u021bine deschideri, par\u021bial de aer \u0219i sunt \u00een contact cu izola\u021bia solid\u0103. \u00cen interiorul construc\u021biei este \u00eencorporat\u0103 o bucat\u0103 de metal inaccesibil. Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 capace metalice, dintre care unul este \u00eemp\u0103m\u00e2ntat.
Tip de izolare Spa\u021biu liber
Izola\u021bie de baz\u0103 L1A
L1D
L2F
Izola\u021bie func\u021bional\u0103 L1L2
Izola\u021bie suplimentar\u0103 DE
FG
Izola\u021bie ranforsat\u0103 L1K
L1J
L2I
L1C
NOT\u0102 Dac\u0103 degaj\u0103rile L1D sau L2F \u00eendeplinesc cerin\u021bele de spa\u021biu liber pentru izola\u021bia \u00eent\u0103rit\u0103, distan\u021bele DE sau FG ale izola\u021biei suplimentare nu sunt m\u0103surate.<\/em>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

degajare: cea mai scurt\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 \u00een aer \u00eentre dou\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bi conductoare sau \u00eentre o parte conduc\u0103toare \u0219isuprafa\u021b\u0103 accesibil\u0103. clearance<\/strong><\/a>-ul este un concept foarte important. Pentru a \u00een\u021belege clearance-ul, trebuie s\u0103 spunem din nou c\u0103 nicio substan\u021b\u0103 nu este complet izolat\u0103, iar aerul poate, de asemenea, s\u0103 conduc\u0103 electricitatea. C\u00e2nd tensiunea este foarte mare, curentul va…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[74,82,166,83,84,87,78,105],"class_list":["post-597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terms-and-definitions","tag-insulation-applied-to-live-parts-to-provide-basic-protection-against-electric-shock","tag-appliance-in-which-protection-against-electric-shock-does-not-rely-on-basic-insulation-only-but-which-includes-an-additional-safety-precaution-in-that-conductive-accessible-parts-are-connected-to-the","tag-class-i-construction","tag-appliance-in-which-protection-against-electric-shock-does-not-rely-on-basic-insulation-only-but-in-which-additional-safety-precautions-are-provided-such-as-double-insulation-or-reinforced-insulation","tag-part-of-an-appliance-for-which-protection-against-electric-shock-relies-upon-double-insulation-or-reinforced-insulation","tag-shortest-distance-in-air-between-two-conductive-parts-or-between-a-conductive-part-and-the-accessible-surface","tag-insulation-between-conductive-parts-of-different-potential-which-is-necessary-only-for-the-proper-functioning-of-the-appliance","tag-conductor-or-conductive-part-intended-to-be-energized-in-normal-use-including-a-neutral-conductor-but-by-convention-not-a-pen-conductor"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.1","language":"ro","enabled_languages":["en","es","ar","de","ja","fr","ru","th","nl","it","fa","ko","pt","hi","ro","tr","vi","id","zu"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fa":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zu":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=597"}],"version-history":[{"count":78,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2235,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/597\/revisions\/2235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}