{"id":424,"date":"2024-08-10T10:55:22","date_gmt":"2024-08-10T08:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/?p=424"},"modified":"2025-09-27T17:50:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T15:50:24","slug":"clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-protective-impedance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/clause-3-how-to-understand-the-definition-of-protective-impedance\/","title":{"rendered":"Kho\u1ea3n 3 \u2013 C\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u201ctr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ea5p II sao cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb an to\u00e0n.
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\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1:
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 DC12V, DC24V ho\u1eb7c DC5V. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p n\u00e0y v\u00ec b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p DC c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n EMC, nhi\u1ec5u do s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec7n dung k\u00fd sinh gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p, s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec5u d\u1eabn 150k-30 MHz v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec5u quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec5u, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Hai t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn trong \u00f4 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf trong h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.
\n

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\n<\/figure>
\nHai tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p T2; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5m trong h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 220-240V v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5p (SELV).
\n

\n\"\"
\n<\/figure>
\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: Tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ion \u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 minh h\u1ecda trong h\u00ecnh b\u00ean tr\u00e1i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n.
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\n\"\"
\n<\/figure><\/div>

\n\"\"
\n<\/figure><\/div><\/div>
\nH\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ion \u00e2m. Hai \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn trong h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh.
\n

\n\"\"
\n<\/figure>
\nTrong h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 CY1 v\u00e0 CY2 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?
\n

\n\"\"
\n<\/figure>
\nTheo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ea5p II, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng CY1 v\u00e0 CY2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, v\u00ec tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ea5p II v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ea5p I. N\u1ebfu n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nbsp;\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lo\u1ea1i I, sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh CY1 v\u00e0 CY2 l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Th\u1ee9 hai, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ea5p II, CY1 v\u00e0 CY2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. \u00dd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bc\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 CY1 v\u00e0 CY2 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp coi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn? v\u00e0 nbsp;
\n
\nN\u1ebfu ch\u00fang l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u 22.42 – “Tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.”.
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tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ea5p II sao cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf gi\u00e1…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-terms-and-definitions"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.1","language":"vi","enabled_languages":["en","es","ar","de","ja","fr","ru","th","nl","it","fa","ko","pt","hi","ro","tr","vi","id","zu"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fa":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zu":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=424"}],"version-history":[{"count":78,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2085,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424\/revisions\/2085"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gezhi-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}